parsons



(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

H. F. PARSONS.

ROCK DRILLING MACHINE.

No. 248,787. Patented Oct. 25,1881.

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(No Model. 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

H. P. PARSONS ROCK DRILLING MACHINE.

No. 248,787. I Patented Oct. 25,1881.

WITNESSES= INVENTUR:

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4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

H. F. PARSONS.-

ROCK DRILLING MACHINE.

Patented Oct. 25,1881.

INVENTIIIR= (No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet '4.

H. F. PARSONS. ROCK DRILLING MACHINE.

No. 248,787. Patented Oct. 25,1881.

\ FlilE- WITNESEEE= INVENTUR:

UNiTEn STATEs PATENT CEETcE.

HENRY F. PARSONS, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO DANIEL COOK, OF SAME PLACE.

ROCK-DRILLING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 248,787, dated October 25, 1881.

Application filed June 30, 1881. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY F. PARSONS, of San Francisco, in the county of San Francisco and State of California, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Drill-Machines, of which the following is a description which willenableothers skilled in the art to construct and use the same.

The object of myinvcntion is to construct to a drill-machine which can be conveniently worked by hand, and which will so operate as to cause the drill while resting on the rock to receive repeated blows from a hammer, the drill being preferably retracted and partially revolved and returned again in contact with the rock between the blows of the hammer, the operating mechanism being so sustained that it is fed forward as the drill proceeds in the rock, and is thus caused to occupy continually the same position with reference to the top of the drill or drill-rod.

I will now proceed to describe one oi the forms in which I prefer to construct my machine.

Figure 1 is a front view ot the machine arranged i'or drillingin a vertic illy-downward di rection. Fig. 2 is a side view of the machine in thesameposition. Fig.3isasectionalside view arranged for drilling downward in a direction 0 slightly inclined from the perpendicular. Fig. 4 is a section through the line 00 x of Fig. 1. Fig. 5. represents the drill-holder detached. Fig. 6 represents the steadying-bar in the position it would occupy it the machine were be- 5 ing used to drill upwardly at an angle of about forty-live degrees from the perpendicular, and also the supporting devices for supporting the machine in that position. The other portions of the machine are omitted in this figure, but are to occupy the same position relatively to the steadying-bar, as shown in the other figures.

A represents the steadying-bar of the machine. This is simply a straight bar of metal of uniform thickness with its iront end pointed or otherwise formed, so as to take into or hold and remain in a fixed position on the face of the rock when pressed against it. When'the bar is pointed a small indentation can be made in the rock to receive the point. On the opposite end of this bar a cushion, pad, or breastthe shaft.

plate, B, is secured, and against this plate the operator will lean when he is working the machine, so as to press the opposite point against the rock and keep the machine steady.

C is the barrel of themachine, through which the drill holder passes, and in which it is held and operated. This barrel is several inches in length, and has a passage or hole extending longitudinally through its upper portion, and ot' a size to correspond with the size or thickness of the steadyingbar, so as to receive the bar and allow the barrel to be shifted upon it to any point of its length. The under side of this steadying-bar is slotted longitudinally, 6 and a projecting rib or feather, provided on the inside of the hole or bore of the barrel, enters and works in this slot in order to prevent the barrel from turning on the bar, but to ad low it to move longitudinally on the bar from 0 one end toward the other. Through the rear end of this barrel, and across or in a direction transverse to the steadying-bar, passes thecrank-shat't I) by which the drill is operated. On each end of this shaft is a crank, E, to permit the operator to use both hands in turning This shaft D runs through a transverse hole or bore in the rear part of the barrel, and it is supported at each side in suitable bearings.

To the side otlthe barrel C, at its rear end, is bolted an arm, F, projecting outward at right angles from the barrel, and connected at its outer end with an angle-brace, 7b. This arm F also extends on each side of the barrel, so as to form bearings for the shaft D at F F, Fig.

.l. The end of the angle-brace has a box or slotted piece, in which is fastened the lower end of astrong bent spring, J. From thisfixed point the spring J bends upward and inward 0 to a position at the rear of the barrel C, in which position is secured to it a heavy hammer block or head, K.

The drill-holder L is a round bar, which fits and is supported in a bore or cylindrical chamber in the barrel C, directly below and parallel with the hole for the steadying-barA. In the forward end of this bar L is a socket in which is placed the end of the drillrod or boring-tool M, and when inserted in this socket the tool is secured by means of set-screws a. The drillrod will then project beneath and parallel with the steadying-bar, and will strike the rock below the pointed end of the bar. This drillholder extends through and projects beyond the rear end of the barrel 0, and in this end of the holder is asocket, in which is screwed a short striking-pin, j), that receives the blows of the spring-hammer. To hold this pin in place the socket end of the holder is split, and on its surface is cut a left-hand thread, over I which fits a nut, 25, and as this end is made tapering the nut t, when screwed down, will close the split parts firmly around the inserted pin and hold it in place in the socket. By this construction the striking-pin can be renewed when worn down.

At themiddle of the barrel 0, and below the line of the bore wherein the steadying-bar works, a transverse opening or slot is made entirel'y through the sides of the barrel, and with its center in line with the axis or center line of the drill-rod bore. This slot divides the drill-rod bore into two portions, and it is made to receive a ratchet-face hollow nut, T, that has on the outside of the barrel 0, at one side, a spring-pawl, to, to bear against the ratchet-face ofthis nut. The aperture through the nut T coincides with the bore or chamber that receives the drill-rod holder L, and the holder passes through and moves in this ratchet-face nut. These two parts are connected together, so that when sliding in one direction in the barrel 0 the drill-holder shall turn or rotate the nut T backward for the distance of one ratchet tooth, but shall have of itself no rotation while moving backward in the barrel, and when sliding in the other direction through the nut T it shall be caused to rotate as it moves forward, while the nut is held stationary. This is effected by making in the exterior surface of the holder L several short spiral grooves, 20, into which a corresponding number of spiral ribs, r, provided on the interior surface of the hollow nut are made to fit. This nut will turn freely in one direction, but will be locked and held by the pawl a from turning in the opposite direction. Consequently, when'the drill-holder is caused to move in one direction or backward within the barrel (3, the ratchet-face nut will be rotated by the action of the spiral grooves on the holder and the ribs 7) within the hollow of the nut; but when the drill'holder moves in the opposite direction, or forward, the nut T, being held by its pawls, will not turn in the other direction, but will be locked, so that the spiral grooves and ribs then react upon the drill-rod holder and cause it to rotate as it moves forward in the barrel. This rotation of the drill-holder L produces achangein the position of the end of the drill while at work, so that it shall notstrikealways inthe same place at the bottom of the hole, but shall be regularly rotated as the operation of drilling goes on. Upon and surrounding the forward end of this drill-holder is a strong coil-spring, S, that presses against a shoulder, N, on the drillholder, so as to force the tool forward and keep it against the bottom of the hole being made. The rearend of this spring restsagainsta tixed shoulder within the bore or chamber in the barrel wherein the drill-holder moves.

The spring hammer K, which operates against the striking-pin p in the end of the drill-holder L, has on each side a forwardlyprojecting arm, R, extending toward the crankshaft D, and furnished on the end with a stud and friction-roller, I. These arms are arranged one on each side of the barrel and in line with the camsV, so as to be struck and forced backward by" them. As the crank-shaft is rotated these cams Vact against the arms 1% and'force back the hammer, and asthey are double cams, or with two surfaces or members, they produce two backward movements of the hammer to one revolution of the shaft 1). \Vhen the crank-shaft is rotated by the cranks on its ends the cams V strike the friction-rollers on the arm 1t and force back the hammer until the ends of the cams slip from the rollers I, when the hammer is thrown forward with force against the end of the drill-holder by the reaction of the spring. Thus at. each blow of the hammer the tool in the end of the drill-holder is forced into the rock or substance to be. drilled. Smaller cams X X are also secured on the crankshaft I), one on each side of the barrel and between it and the larger cams V, in a position to strike against a cross-head, Y, that is fixed on the rear end of the drill-holder and projects laterally at both sides. These cams X act against this crosshead y to retract or draw thedrill-holder backward and the drill out of the bottom of the hole a short distance after every blow of the hammer to prepare the drill for the next stroke. These cams X are shorter than the hamtrier-actuating cams V, and the cross-head 3 slips from their points and the drill-holder L is returned to its forward position by the coil-spring on its front, and before the hammer is ready to make the next blow.

Two adjustable supports, I P, are attached to the machine for holding it in position at the required height. They consist of the telescopic legs secured to the erank-shat't and on each side of the barrel, and capable of being lengthened or shortened, as required, to bring the drill at the desired point for work. They extend downward at a diverging angle, and they have journal-boxes with hinged or removable caps to fit on the crank-shaft l), for the purpose of allowing the legs to be removed from this part of the machine and shifted back to the end ofthe steadying-bar where the breastplate is fixed. To receive these legs P a stud or journal, 1, is formed on each end of the breastplate, and these supports P can be removed from the crank-shaft and fixed to the breastplate when desired. The object of this arrangementis to enable the levelof the steadying-bar to be maintained as the barrel moves forward, because the motion of the barrel as IIO Meets? the drilling progresses would change the angle of the drill if thelegs were centered on the crank-shaft. In some'cases this adjustment will not be required, and then it will be more convenient to have the legs support the machine at the crank-shaft; but when it is necessary to have the drill move forward in substantially a straight line the legs are to be at tached to the breastplate.

hen working the machine in positions where it would he ditlicult or impractical to lean and press against the breastplateas,for example, if the steadying-bar should be in the position represented,as at Fig. (5--I employ an adjustable support having a clamping-piece, 1, for fixing it to the back of the breastplatc B, and an extension-leg hinged or pivoted to the back of this clamp, so as to be set at any required inclination. This leg is adjustable in length by being formed in part of a hollow tube, 2, with atelescopic leg, 3, in the lower end, and a screw-rod, 5, in the upper end that works in the tube and through a hand-nut, G, by which it is changed in length and held at any point of adjustment. The screw-rod 5 is attached to the back of the clamping-piece 1, and by turning the hand-nut (3 the support is kept of the required length behind the machine to maintain a continuous support and pressure against the end of the steadying-bar as the drill moves forward into the rock.

\Vhen beginning work with a long drill the steadying-bar can, if necessary, be increased in length by attaching to its front end a supplemental bar provided with a socket on its rear end to receive and be secured to the front end of the steadying-bar A..

The operation of the machine will be as folows: The point of the steadying-bar is set against the rock to be bored, and the legs are braced and adjusted to theinequalities of the surface, so as to support the weight of the machine. The operator throws his weight upon the rear end of the steadying-bar by pressing against the breastplate, and reaching forward turns the shaft 1) by means of the hand cranks X then draw the'drill-holder back a short distance, but quickly release it and allow the coil-spring to throw it forward into position again before the hammer gives another blow. By this movement of the drill-holder its rotation is effected in the following manner for the purpose of turning the drill in the hole: NVhen the drill-holder is drawn back by. the short cams the hollow ratchet-face nut T on the center part of the holder will be rotated in the barrel the distance of one tooth or ratchet by the action of the spiral grooves and projections 20 e 011 the holder and in the bore of the hollow nut; but when the drill-holder moves forward again the nut T is locked by the pawl 20 and will not rotate, but will cause the spirals to give a short rotating movement to the drill-holder L as it moves forward in the barrel and through the hollow nut. The drill is thus turned at each forward movement of the drill'holder before it is struck by the hammer.

The drill and the hamtiter-supporting mechanism are fed forward on the steatilying-bar in the following manner: A friction-brake, f, is applied to the steadying-bar A at the barrel 0 by means of the screw-shaft c, which extends out through the barrel, and is provided on its outer end with the regulating-screw g. The brake f is pressed against the face of the steadying-bar by turning the regulating-screw with a pressure that is regulated as required, so that the stroke of the hammer, as it is received against the end of the drill-holder, acts also against the rear end of the barrel 0 and forces it forward upon the steadying-bar as fast as the drill enters the rock. The forward travel of the barrel (l upon the steadying bar will be controlled by the amount of pressure put upon the brake. A short spiral spring is placed between the regulating-screw and the barrel. A piece of leather, (1, or other cush ion, is placed against the rear end of the barrel to ease the stroke of the hammer against it.

The tension of the spring J can be increased by adding additional leaves to it so as to increase the s'riking force of the hammer K when required.

Although I have shown a fiat spring, springs of other forms may be used; but I prefer a flat spring because it acts more quickly, and because the hammer is more likely to strike a square blow under varying circumstances or positions than if a spring of any other form were used.

use a twisted drill-rod, M, in the machine, so that the rotation imparted to it by the spiral grooves and splines in the nut will cause the drilliugs to be discharged from the hole as fast as they are produced through the groove or grooves which extend spirally around the drillrod upward from the pointof the drill.

It will be noticed that the impact of the hammer is received by the short striking-pin 1), which is secured in the end of the drill-rod so that it can be easily renewed.

I claim as my invtntion- 1. In combination, a tool-holder for holding the drilling-tool, a hammer driven against the tool-holder by aspring, amechanism for drawing back the hammer and then releasing it to cause the spring to throw it against the end of the tool-holder, and a steadying-bar by which the machine is held and guided to its work, and upon which it is fed forward as the drilling progresses, substantially as hereinbcfore described.

2. In combination, a toolholder for holding the drilling-tool, a hammer giving its blow by the force of a spring and operated by mechanism to strike a succession of blows against the rear end of the tool-holder, and a mechanism for giving to the tool-holder an intermittent rotating movement between the blows of the hammer during the operation of drilling, substantially as hcreinbeforc described.

3. In combination with the barrel of a rockdrilling machine which isarranged to be guided and fed forward on a stead 'ing-bar, A, the adjustable friction-brake for regulating the feed of the machine, substantiall as hcreinbefore described.

4. The cam-shaft I), having the two cranks E, held in the barrel G,'and in suitable bearings thereon, and carrying the long cams V, in combination with the spring-hammer K, having the arms It, with their studs and friction-rollers, substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described.

5. The camshaft D, having the cranks E for operating it, and carrying the short cams X, in combination with the crosshead [on the rear end of the tool or drill holder, and the coil-spring S, arranged and applied on the forward endof the drill-holder, substantially as and for the purpose hcreinbefore described.

6. The hammer, in combination with the drill-holder for receiving the blows of the hammer and communicating them to the drill, substantially as described.

7. The combination ofthe drill-holder,which receives the blows of the hammer on one end and is provided atthe other end with means for attaching the drill with the barrel for securing thedrill-holder in position, and the hammer for giving motion to the drill-holder, substantially as described.

8. The combination of the drill-holder having a cross-head with the barrel and directing or supporting mechanism, so that as the drill advances the crosshead will force the barrel forward on the directing or supporting mechanism, substantially as described.

9. The combination of the drill-holder with the spring for forcing the face of the drill into contact with the rock pre 'nrator to receiving the stroke of the hammer.

10. In combination with the drill, a swinging hammer actuated by the force of a flat spring, substantially as described.

11. In coi'nbiuation, a barrel to hold and present the drilling mechanism, a tool-holder to receive in its front end the drilling-tool, and working in a bore or socket in the barrel, an operatingshaft provided with suitable devices for working the drilling mechanism that OpGIiltrS upon the tool-holder, and the steadying-bar on which the barrel is supported and fed forward, and the adjustable legs and supports, substantially as hereinbefore described.

12. In combination, the tool-holder L, having a. socket in the forward end to receive and hold the drilling-tool, and provided with spiral grooves w in its surface, in combination with the ratchet-face nut T, having thespiral ribs or splines c in its bore, to engage with the grooves in the toolholder, and held in an open ing in the barrel of the machine,and controlled in its rotation in one direction bya pawl, 21, but left free to rotate in the other direction, substantially as and for the purposes hereiubcfore described.

13. In a rock-drilling machine for drilling in rock and other substances, the spring-hannner operated in onedirection,orback ward, by mechanism from a rotating shaft, and in the other direction, or forward, by the reaction of the spring, to deliver a succession ofblows against the end of a tool-holding bar, substantially as herein described.

14. Thecombinationofarock-drillandguides for supporting the same with a friction device, substantially. as described, constructed to allow the frame carrying the drill or operating mechanism to travel in proportion to the cut of the drill, as set forth.

15. The drill-holder and mechanism for guiding the same, combined with the hammer and supporting mechanism, substantially as described, so that as the drill advances the guiding mechanism will be forced forward by the inertia of the hammer.

16. The drill-holder combined with the hammer-bearing mechanism and supporting mechanism, so that as the drill advances the inertia of the hammer will carry the hammer-bearing mechanism forward,substantially as described.

17. The tool-holding bar L, having in one end the pocket to receive and hold the drillingtool and at the other the detachable and 1e movable striking-pulp, against which the blows of the hammer K are applied, substantially as hereinbefore described.

18. In a machine for drilling in rock and other substances, having a steadying-bar, A, the extensible supporting-leg 2, 3, 5, having an adjusting-nut, 6, adapted to be attached to the rear end of the steadying-bar, substantially as hereinbefore described,'tor the purpose set forth.

19. In combination with the barrel 0 and .the. steadying-har A, the adjustable frictionbrake for regulating the feed of the machine, having the spring for producing a yielding pressure on the brake, substantially as described.

20. In combination, the barrelC,drill-holder L, and cross-head 1 ,with the washer orcushion d, substantially as described.

HENRY F. PARSONS.

Witnesses:

W. F. HAPGOOD, D. H. DRISCOLL. 

